1. Realism vs. Abstraction:
- Naturalistic drama: Aims to present a realistic and lifelike representation of everyday events and characters. It strives for accuracy in depicting dialogue, setting, and behaviour, often mirroring the social and cultural norms of the time.
- Abstract (non-naturalistic) drama: Rejects realism and instead embraces abstraction, symbolism, and non-traditional storytelling techniques. It often departs from the imitation of real life to create a heightened theatrical experience.
2. Plot and Structure:
- Naturalistic drama: Typically follows a linear plot structure with a clear cause-and-effect relationship. The events and conflicts are presented in a logical sequence, and the focus is often on the psychological motivations and interpersonal relationships of the characters.
- Abstract (non-naturalistic) drama: May employ fragmented or non-linear plot structures, challenging traditional notions of time, cause and effect. The focus is less on external events and more on the exploration of themes, emotions, and abstract concepts.
3. Characterization:
- Naturalistic drama: Characters are usually well-developed and psychologically realistic. They are individuals with clear motivations, desires, and conflicts that drive the story.
- Abstract (non-naturalistic) drama: Characters may be symbolic, archetypal, or even fragmented representations of ideas or emotions rather than fully fleshed-out individuals.
4. Dialogue and Language:
- Naturalistic drama: Dialogue is typically colloquial, replicating the speech patterns and accents of the characters in a realistic way.
- Abstract (non-naturalistic) drama: Dialogue may be poetic, elliptical, or nonsensical, breaking away from the conventions of everyday language.
5. Setting:
- Naturalistic drama: Settings are usually realistic and specific, providing a backdrop that reflects the social and cultural context of the play.
- Abstract (non-naturalistic) drama: Settings may be minimalistic, symbolic, or even non-existent, allowing for a more fluid interpretation of space.
6. Theatrical Conventions:
- Naturalistic drama: Adheres to traditional theatrical conventions such as the fourth wall, which separates actors and audience.
- Abstract (non-naturalistic) drama: Often breaks away from traditional conventions and theatrical realism. It may employ techniques such as meta-theatre, audience interaction, and surreal imagery to create a more unconventional and immersive experience.
In summary, naturalistic drama strives to present a faithful representation of reality, while abstract drama embraces the unconventional, the symbolic, and the experimental in order to communicate complex ideas and theatrical experiences. Both approaches offer distinct artistic perspectives and have produced some of the most significant works in the world of theatre.