* Hamartia: This is the tragic hero's fatal flaw or error in judgment. It is often a character trait, such as hubris (excessive pride), ambition, or jealousy.
* Peripeteia: This is the reversal of fortune that occurs when the tragic hero's plans go awry. This event often leads to the hero's downfall.
* Anagnorisis: This is the moment when the tragic hero realizes their own culpability in their downfall. This realization often comes too late to save the hero from their fate.
* Catharsis: This is the emotional release that the audience feels when witnessing the tragic hero's downfall. Catharsis is thought to be a purifying and healing experience for the audience.
In addition to these key characteristics, tragic heroes often display other qualities, such as:
* Nobility: Tragic heroes are often of noble birth or high status. This makes their downfall all the more tragic.
* Intelligence: Tragic heroes are often intelligent and capable people. This makes their mistakes all the more devastating.
* Courage: Tragic heroes often display great courage in the face of adversity. This makes their downfall all the more heartbreaking.
Tragic heroes are complex and fascinating characters who can teach us a lot about ourselves and our own potential for tragedy. By studying tragic heroes, we can learn to avoid the mistakes that lead to their downfall and live more fulfilling lives.