The Accusations:
* Passing Atomic Secrets: The Rosenbergs were accused of being part of a Soviet spy ring that obtained classified information about the Manhattan Project, the American effort to develop the atomic bomb.
* Contact with Soviet Agents: They were alleged to have contacted Soviet agents and shared information about the bomb's design, construction, and production.
* Recruiting Spies: The prosecution claimed that the Rosenbergs recruited other individuals to spy for the Soviet Union.
The Trial:
* Limited Evidence: The prosecution's case relied heavily on the testimony of David Greenglass, Julius Rosenberg's brother-in-law, who claimed that Julius had provided him with information about the bomb.
* Controversial Verdict: The jury found the Rosenbergs guilty, despite the lack of direct evidence linking them to the alleged espionage activities.
* Political Climate: The trial took place during the height of the Cold War, a period of intense fear and suspicion of communist activities.
The Sentence and Execution:
* Death Sentence: The Rosenbergs were sentenced to death by electric chair.
* International Condemnation: The sentence sparked international protests and calls for clemency. However, President Harry Truman refused to intervene.
* Execution: The Rosenbergs were executed on June 19, 1953.
Controversy and Legacy:
* Debates about Guilt: There is still debate about the Rosenbergs' guilt and the fairness of their trial. Some argue that they were innocent and victims of McCarthyism and Cold War hysteria. Others believe that they were guilty of espionage.
* Impact on Cold War: The Rosenberg case became a symbol of the Cold War and the fear of communism. It also fueled anti-communist sentiment in the United States.
It's important to note that the Rosenbergs were convicted of espionage, and their execution was a significant event in American history. However, there are still debates about the evidence presented at the trial and the fairness of the proceedings.