1. Influence of the City:
Fielding depicts the city as a place of sophistication, fashion, and cultural activities. Many characters, such as Tom Jones and Lady Bellaston, migrate from the countryside to the city in pursuit of better opportunities and social advancement. The city's allure often influences the values and behaviors of those who venture there.
2. Contrast in Morals:
Fielding contrasts the moral landscapes of the city and the country. He portrays the city as a place where corruption, greed, and superficiality prevail, while the countryside is associated with honesty, simplicity, and genuine relationships. This contrast reflects Fielding's own philosophical and social views.
3. Corruption in the City:
Fielding uses various characters and events to illustrate the moral decay within the city. Characters like Blifil and Lady Bellaston represent the city's corrupting influences, engaging in deceitful schemes and manipulating others for personal gain. The city becomes a place where virtuous individuals face challenges and temptations.
4. Simplicity of the Country:
In contrast to the city, Fielding presents the countryside as a place of unspoiled nature and sincere emotions. Characters like Squire Allworthy and Parson Trulliber embody the virtues of honesty, generosity, and true companionship. The countryside often serves as a refuge and a source of moral rejuvenation.
5. Interdependence of City and Country:
Despite the differences between city and country, Fielding also emphasizes their interdependence. He shows that the city relies on the resources and produce of the countryside, reinforcing the economic and social connections between the two. This interconnectedness highlights the mutual dependence of urban and rural areas.
6. Return to the Country:
By the end of the novel, Tom Jones finds solace and fulfillment by returning to the countryside. He renounces the allure of city life and embraces the virtues and values associated with the country. This ending suggests that Fielding ultimately favors the moral simplicity and genuine relationships found in rural settings.
Overall, Fielding's portrayal of the relationship between city and country in Tom Jones reflects his own philosophical outlook, social commentary, and literary artistry. He uses these contrasting environments to explore themes of morality, social class, and the pursuit of happiness.