1. From the Old French word "joque": The word joke is derived from the Old French word "joque", which simply means "jest" or "joke." This word was popular in the 15th century.
2. From the Proto-Indo-European root "*yaug": The word joke might have its origins in the Proto-Indo-European root "*yaug" ("to join"). This root has given rise to many words worldwide with the sense of "unite" or "join."
3. From the verb "joke" (to jest): Some believe that the word "joke" developed from the verb "joke," meaning "to jest or make fun." This verb emerged in the late 16th century and was commonly used in informal and playful contexts.
4. Association with jocularity: The word joke is often associated with jocularity and playful language, and it's possible that the term evolved from the general concept of "jovial" behavior and witty banter.
5. Combination of theories: It's also possible that the word "joke" has multiple etymological influences, with aspects of several theories contributing to its evolution and establishment in the language.