The song was written by Concrete Blonde lead singer Johnette Napolitano, who is transgender herself. Napolitano has said that she wrote the song to raise awareness of the challenges faced by transgender people, and to show that there is hope for a better future.
"Joey" was released in 1990, and it quickly became an anthem for the transgender community. The song has been praised for its raw emotion and its honest portrayal of the transgender experience. It has also been credited with helping to raise awareness of transgender issues and to increase acceptance of transgender people.