Reverb emulates the effects of being in an acoustically rich and resonant environment, such as a cave or church. It is similar to an echo, but rather than repeating the original sound, reverb extends the ambiance. While reverb is most typically associated with atmospheric music, Daft Punk utilizes this effect in "Robot Rock" to add depth and space to the percussive accents in the intro.
This effect rapidly alters the pitch of the note by a small amount to create a "wobbling" sound. The use of modulation is most pronounced on tail of the final note in the main synthesizer riff, where you can hear a distinct movement of pitch. Modulation is typically achieved either with a modulation wheel on the synthesizer or during post production by adding it as a digital effect. The modulation in "Robot Rock" is relatively gentle, in that the modulated notes are no more than a semitone higher and lower than the original note. This creates a subtle, yet impacting, effect.
Compression is typically used as a corrective tool to temper the dynamic range of a sound. By lowering volume peaks, there is less difference between the quietest sound and the loudest sound. This enables you to boost the base level of the sound higher in the mix. However, compression is also used as a creative effect. By "abusing" the parameter controls and setting them to extreme levels, Daft Punk achieves a distinctive "squashed" vocal and synthesizer sound. This effect is characteristic of electro-dance music and is a stylistic device for which Daft Punk is renowned.
Flange is to frequency as modulation is to volume. By filtering the frequency of audio, flange can create a range of effects, ranging from subtle fluttering to intense sweeping sounds. The depth parameter determines the degree of deviation from the original frequency that occurs. The rate parameter determines how quickly the frequency alters. In using a relatively high depth setting and low rate setting, Daft Punk achieve a smooth, sweeping effect that shifts the frequency band in time with the beat.