- Melody: Chinese melodies are often pentatonic, meaning they are based on a five-note scale. This gives Chinese music a unique sound that is different from Western music, which is based on a seven-note scale.
- Harmony: Chinese music often uses open harmonies, meaning that there is a lot of space between the notes. This creates a sense of airiness and spaciousness.
- Rhythm: Chinese music often features complex rhythms, with a lot of syncopation and polyrhythms. This can make Chinese music sound very lively and energetic.
- Instrumentation: Chinese music is played on a wide variety of instruments, including traditional instruments such as the guzheng (a zither), pipa (a lute), and erhu (a two-stringed fiddle), as well as Western instruments such as the violin, cello, and piano.
- Opera: Chinese opera is a major form of Chinese music and theatre. Chinese operas are typically based on historical or legendary stories, and they feature elaborate costumes, sets, and music.
- Folk music: Chinese folk music is a rich and diverse tradition, with many different styles and genres. Chinese folk music is often performed by rural musicians, and it often reflects the local culture and traditions.
- Popular music: Chinese popular music is a rapidly growing industry, with many different styles and genres. Chinese popular music is often influenced by Western pop music, but it also has its own unique sound and style.