The pitch of a sound is determined by the frequency of the sound wave. The higher the frequency, the higher the pitch. The lower the frequency, the lower the pitch.
2. Loudness
The loudness of a sound is determined by the amplitude of the sound wave. The greater the amplitude, the louder the sound. The lower the amplitude, the quieter the sound.
3. Timbre
The timbre of a sound is determined by the shape of the sound wave. The shape of the sound wave is determined by the overtones that are present in the sound. Overtones are higher-frequency sounds that are produced along with the fundamental frequency. The combination of the fundamental frequency and the overtones gives a sound its unique timbre.
4. Duration
The duration of a sound is determined by the length of time that the sound wave lasts. The longer the sound wave lasts, the longer the duration of the sound. The shorter the sound wave lasts, the shorter the duration of the sound.
5. Location
The location of a sound is determined by the direction from which the sound wave is coming. The direction from which the sound wave is coming is determined by the position of the sound source.