Signal Stability: FM signals are less susceptible to noise and interference compared to AM signals. Noise and interference can distort the amplitude of a signal, making it difficult to recover the original information. FM, on the other hand, encodes information in the frequency variations of the carrier signal, which is less affected by these distortions. This makes FM more reliable and suitable for long-distance communication.
Higher Bandwidth: FM signals occupy a wider bandwidth compared to AM signals. This broader bandwidth allows for better-quality audio transmission and the inclusion of additional information, such as stereo sound and digital data. With the availability of a wider bandwidth, FM signals can support more complex and higher-fidelity audio transmissions.
Signal Strength: FM signals tend to have stronger signal strength at longer distances than AM signals. This is because FM signals propagate more effectively through various environments, including buildings, trees, and other obstacles. AM signals, on the other hand, can be attenuated and distorted by these obstacles, making them less reliable for long-distance communication.
Distance Coverage: Due to their superior signal stability, higher bandwidth, and stronger signal strength, FM signals can travel longer distances without significant degradation compared to AM signals. This makes FM more suitable for broadcasting over large areas and ensuring reliable reception in remote or rural locations.
However, it's worth noting that there are other factors that can influence the choice of modulation technique for long-distance communication, such as the nature of the transmitted information, regulations, and available infrastructure. Both AM and FM have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the specific requirements of the communication system will determine the most appropriate modulation method.