* Use of samples: Sampling is a technique used in both old and new school rap music, where artists incorporate snippets of audio from other recordings into their own tracks. This can be used to create a unique soundscape, add texture to the music, or pay homage to previous artists.
* Lyrical wordplay: Rappers in both old and new school eras often employ lyrical wordplay in their lyrics, such as rhymes, metaphors, similes, and puns. This wordplay adds complexity and depth to the lyrics and can showcase the artist's verbal dexterity.
* Collaboration and featuring: Collaboration between artists is common in both old and new school rap music, with rappers often featuring other artists on their songs. These collaborations can bring together different styles and perspectives, creating a more diverse and interesting musical experience.
* Social commentary: Rap music has a long tradition of addressing social and political issues, and both old and new school rappers use their music to comment on current events, social injustice, and other important topics. This socially conscious aspect of rap music allows it to serve as a powerful form of expression and activism.