1. Violins
The violin is the highest-pitched member of the string family. It is played with a bow and has four strings. Violins are often used for melodies and high-pitched runs.
2. Violas
The viola is slightly larger than the violin and has a lower pitch. It is also played with a bow and has four strings. Violas are often used for harmony and accompaniment.
3. Cellos
The cello is even larger than the viola and has a still lower pitch. It is played with a bow and has four strings. Cellos are often used for melodies, harmony, and accompaniment.
4. Double Basses
The double bass is the largest and lowest-pitched member of the string family. It is played with a bow or plucked with fingers and has four strings. Double basses are often used for foundation and rhythm.
These four families of string instruments have evolved over centuries to fill specific roles in the orchestra. They are called families because of their shared construction, playing techniques, and musical function.