Copper is a commonly used material for making timpani drums. These drums feature copper kettles or shells that usually rest on a metal stand. The choice of copper is often based on its excellent acoustic properties, durability, and ability to produce a rich, resonant sound.
2. Brass:
Brass is another popular material for timpani drum making. It offers a combination of strength and acoustic qualities, making it a suitable option for professional-level timpani. Like copper, brass kettles provide a warm and resonant tone.
3. Synthetic Materials:
In recent times, synthetic materials have become an alternative to traditional copper or brass for timpani drums. These synthetic shells are made from materials such as fiberglass or carbon fiber. They are lightweight, require minimal maintenance, and can offer consistent sound properties.
4. Wood:
Historically, wooden timpani drums were used before the introduction of copper and brass. Wooden timpani continue to be played in certain traditional musical contexts and can provide a unique sound character. However, wooden timpani are less common in modern symphonic settings.
5. Other Materials:
Occasionally, timpani drums may be constructed from less conventional materials such as aluminum or stainless steel. These drums have distinct sonic properties and are not as widely used as the more common materials mentioned earlier.
Additionally, the head or membrane stretched across the timpani drum is usually made from animal skin, such as calfskin or goatskin. The drumhead plays a crucial role in determining the overall tone and resonance of the timpani drum.