1. Complex rhythms and syncopations: The Fantasie-Impromptu is characterized by intricate and syncopated rhythms that require precise timing and coordination. The main melody often plays against contrasting rhythms in the accompaniment.
2. Rapid arpeggios and scales: The piece features numerous passages with fast-moving arpeggios and scales, which require nimble fingers and a consistent touch.
3. Trills and ornaments: Chopin frequently uses trills, mordents, and other ornaments in the Fantasie-Impromptu, which add ornamentation and expressiveness to the music.
4. Dynamic contrasts: The piece requires frequent changes in dynamics, ranging from delicate and lyrical sections to powerful and emphatic passages.
5. Sustained melodies and pedaling: The Fantasie-Impromptu includes long, sustained melodies that demand careful phrasing and sensitive use of the sustain pedal.
Overall, the Fantasie-Impromptu, Op. 66, is a demanding piece that presents both technical and musical challenges. While it is not as technically difficult as some of Chopin's other compositions, such as his Études, it still requires a high level of proficiency and musical maturity.