What materials did George Braque use to make violin and candlestick?

"Violin and Candlestick" (1910) by Georges Braque is primarily an example of papiers collés— a collage technique developed by Braque and Pablo Picasso—in which various materials such as newspaper clippings, sheet music, wallpaper, cardboard, and textiles are applied to the painted surface. In "Violin and Candlestick," however, it is notable that both the "violin" and "candlestick" are actual objects attached to the canvas, instead of pasted material collage elements. Therefore, in addition to his usual papers collés methods, Braque directly incorporated found objects, creating what became knows as 'objet d'art' elements within some of his compositions.