1. Flute: The flute is a non-transposing instrument that operates by blowing air across a hole called the fipple into a cylindrical tube resulting in a high, clear tone.
2. Oboe: The oboe belongs to the double-reed family, where two reeds attached together vibrate, producing sound. It is widely regarded for its penetrating, nasal sound and is considered one of the most challenging woodwind instruments to play.
3. Clarinet: The clarinet is a single-reed instrument with cylindrical tube and a flared bell, producing a warm and mellow tone. Due to its versatility and wide range, the clarinet is a prominent member of the woodwind section.
4. Bassoon: The bassoon is the lowest-pitched woodwind instrument typically employed in an orchestra. It is a double-reed instrument known for its distinctive rich and reedy timbre, making it an important part of the lower register of the orchestra.
5. Saxophone: While saxophones are more commonly associated with jazz music, they are occasionally included in orchestral arrangements for specific pieces. The saxophone is noted for its full and rich sound. Although, its presence in classical music is relatively limited compared to the other four woodwind instruments.