2. Keyboard: The fortepiano had a narrower keyboard than a modern piano, with fewer keys. The keys were arranged in a single tier and were shorter in length. The black keys on a fortepiano were typically made of ebony or another dark wood, while the white keys were made of ivory or bone.
3. Action Mechanism: The action mechanism of a fortepiano was different from that of a modern piano. It utilized a hammer mechanism where small hammers would strike the strings when a key was pressed. However, the hammers in a fortepiano had less leverage and required more force to produce sound compared to the modern piano action.
4. String Arrangements: The fortepiano had a set of strings that were stretched over a metal frame. The strings were grouped in pairs or threes, with each note having its own set of strings. This arrangement was known as "choir" or "unicord" stringing.
5. Sound Production: The fortepiano produced a softer and less powerful sound compared to a modern piano. The hammers were covered in leather, which produced a mellower tone. Additionally, the fortepiano had no damper mechanism, which meant that the strings would continue to vibrate after a key was released, producing a lingering resonance.
6. Pedal Mechanism: Early fortepianos did not have any pedals. Later, a single damper pedal was introduced, which, when depressed, would lift all the dampers from the strings, allowing them to vibrate freely and produce a sustaining effect.
7. Case Design: The fortepiano had a wooden case that enclosed the soundboard and action mechanism. The case was often decorated with intricate marquetry, veneers, or paint.
8. Leg Design: The legs of a fortepiano were typically turned or carved in an ornate style, reflecting the decorative aesthetics of the period.
Over time, the fortepiano evolved and incorporated various improvements, eventually leading to the development of the modern piano as we know it today.