1. Root (R): This is the note that gives the chord its name. It forms the foundation of the chord.
2. Major Third (M3): This note lies three whole tones (steps) above the root note. It adds the characteristic "major" sound to the chord.
3. Perfect Fifth (P5): This note is located five half tones (semitones) above the root note. It adds fullness and balance to the chord.
When combining these notes, a major chord is formed. For instance, playing the notes C, E, and G together creates a C major chord, with C as the root, E as the major third, and G as the perfect fifth.
The intervals of the major chord, specifically a major third (four semitones) between the root and the third, and a minor third (three semitones) between the third and the fifth, contribute to its vibrant and bright sound.
It's worth noting that major chords are one of the most commonly used harmonic structures in Western music, contributing significantly to the overall sound of songs, melodies, and chord progressions.