The original trumpets were straight, long metal tubes without valves. They were played by blowing air through the mouthpiece, and the pitch of the sound was controlled by the length of the tube. The longer the tube, the lower the pitch.
Modern instruments
Modern instruments are typically made of brass or other metals and have a more complex shape. They have valves that allow the player to change the length of the tube and therefore the pitch of the sound. This makes it possible to play a wider range of notes and to create more complex melodies.
Other differences
In addition to the differences in shape and construction, original trumpets and modern instruments also differ in the way they are played. Original trumpets were played with a single embouchure, or lip position, while modern instruments are played with a double embouchure. This difference in embouchure allows modern trumpet players to produce a wider range of sounds and to play more expressively.
Finally, original trumpets were typically used for military purposes, while modern instruments are used in a wider variety of settings, including classical music, jazz, and popular music.