1. Viola: The viola is a bowed string instrument that is larger in size than the violin. It has a lower pitch and a mellower sound compared to the violin. It is often used in orchestral and chamber music ensembles.
2. Cello: The cello is a bowed string instrument that is even larger than the viola. It produces a deep and resonant sound. The cello is commonly used in orchestras and chamber music groups.
3. Double Bass: The double bass is the largest member of the violin family. It is played by standing or sitting, and it produces the lowest pitches in the orchestra. The double bass is a fundamental component of orchestral ensembles and jazz bands.
4. Erhu: The erhu is a two-stringed bowed instrument that is popular in Chinese music. It has a distinctive timbre and is used in various genres, including traditional Chinese music, folk music, and contemporary compositions.
5. Hardanger Fiddle: The Hardanger fiddle is a traditional Norwegian folk instrument that resembles the violin but has additional sympathetic strings that resonate along with the played strings. It has a unique sound and is used in Scandinavian folk music.
6. Rebec: The rebec is a medieval bowed string instrument with a pear-shaped body and three strings. It was a precursor to the violin and was widely used during the Middle Ages.
7. Nyckelharpa: The nyckelharpa is a keyed fiddle from Sweden. It has keys that stop the strings, allowing for diatonic melodies to be played more easily. It has a distinctive buzzing sound and is used in traditional Swedish folk music.
These instruments share similarities with the violin in terms of their bowed playing technique and overall structure. However, each instrument has its unique characteristics and plays a distinct role in various musical genres and cultures.