Teach the letters of the musical alphabet. First teach the white keys of the piano, which are A, B, C, D, E, F and G. Then teach the black keys, which are called "sharps" and "flats." Their names are A#/Bb, C#/Db, D#/Eb, F#/Gb, G#/Ab.
Play the pitches on a piano or keyboard and have the student sing the names of the pitches with you as you play them.
Play pitches and have the student name the pitches that you play without looking at the instrument.
Sing familiar songs, such as "Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star," but replace the lyrics with the names of the pitches.
Play simple three-note chords and teach the student the names of the chords. Have the student guess the names of various chords as you play them.