* A sharp (♯) raises the pitch of the note by one semitone.
* A flat (♭) lowers the pitch of the note by one semitone.
* A natural sign (♮) cancels the effect of a previous accidental and restores the note to its original pitch.
Accidentals can be placed either before the note (in which case they affect all subsequent notes of the same pitch in the bar) or after the note (in which case they affect only the note they are attached to).
In addition to the sharp, flat, and natural signs, there are two other less common accidentals:
* A double sharp (♯♯) raises the pitch of the note by two semitones.
* A double flat (♭♭) lowers the pitch of the note by two semitones.
Accidentals are an essential part of music notation, and they allow composers to create a wide variety of melodies and harmonies.
Here are some examples of how accidentals can be used:
* A sharp can be used to raise the pitch of a note to a semitone above the written pitch.
* A flat can be used to lower the pitch of a note to a semitone below the written pitch.
* A natural sign can be used to restore the note to its original pitch after it has been affected by a sharp or flat.
* A double sharp can be used to raise the pitch of a note by two semitones above the written pitch.
* A double flat can be used to lower the pitch of a note by two semitones below the written pitch.
Accidentals can be used to create a variety of effects in music. They can be used to add tension, create dissonance, or resolve a melody or harmony. Accidentals are an important tool for composers, and they allow them to create a wide range of musical possibilities.