How is the electron beam in a TV picture tube deflected?

In a television picture tube (also known as a cathode ray tube or CRT), the electron beam is deflected by two sets of electromagnets called the vertical deflection coils and horizontal deflection coils. These coils are located around the neck of the tube, where the electron beam is relatively narrow and easy to control.

The vertical deflection coils are aligned vertically and produce a magnetic field that can deflect the electron beam up and down. The horizontal deflection coils are aligned horizontally and produce a magnetic field that can deflect the electron beam left and right.

By carefully controlling the strength and direction of the magnetic fields produced by the deflection coils, the electron beam can be precisely directed to any point on the screen. The vertical deflection coils are used to move the beam up and down, and the horizontal deflection coils are used to move the beam left and right. The combination of these two sets of coils allows the electron beam to scan the entire screen, creating the image that we see on the TV.

The deflection coils in a TV picture tube are typically powered by a deflection yoke, which is an electromagnet that is mounted around the neck of the tube. The deflection yoke is connected to the TV's electronics, which control the strength and direction of the magnetic fields produced by the coils. This allows the TV to accurately scan the electron beam across the screen, creating a high-quality image.