When a dot is placed under notes mean?

A dot placed under a note means that note should be played _staccato_. This means that the note should be played shorter than its written value, with silence after it. The length of the silence depends on the tempo and the interpretation of the performer. In general, a dot under a note means that the note should be played about half of its written value.

Some examples of how staccato notes are used in music include:

* The opening riff of the Beatles' "I Want to Hold Your Hand"

* The main theme of Beethoven's "Symphony No. 5"

* The "Toccata and Fugue in D Minor" by J.S. Bach

Staccato dots can be used to create various musical effects, such as a sense of urgency, excitement, or tension. They can also be used to articulate a phrase or to add emphasis to a particular note.