Size of shot is simply how close the shot is to the scene or subject. The main categories of shots are extreme close-up, close-up, medium shot, long shot and establishing shot. There are sub categories of shots in these sections such as a "medium close-up".
Different angles of shot have different effects. For example a high-angle shot is one that is located above the eye line of the character looking down and a low-angle shot is shot from below the eye line looking up. The effect of these shots is often used to display the power of the character, where a low-angle shot would be used on a powerful villain and a high-angle shot on the meek underdog hero.
A pan shot is the horizontal turning or panning of the camera. This technique is often used to follow the actors around a smaller set as they go short distances. It can also be used for much faster movements such as a car racing around a track.
A POV shot is a shot that is done from the point of view of the character, allowing the audience to see exactly what that character is seeing. Point of view shots are sometimes used with reaction shots, which are a quick shot of the character's reaction to a situation.
A dolly shot is the seamless slow movement of the camera in or out on the subjects using a dolly. The smooth and slow movement of the camera combined with zooming in or out to keep the subjects the same size in the field of view often has the effect of drawing the audience into the scene.