2012
Robert Lefkowitz and Brian Kobilka, for studies of G-protein-coupled receptors.
2013
Martin Karplus, Michael Levitt, and Arieh Warshel, for the development of multiscale models for complex chemical systems.
2014
Eric Betzig, Stefan Hell, and William Moerner, for the development of super-resolved fluorescence microscopy.
2015
Tomas Lindahl, Paul Modrich, and Aziz Sancar, for mechanistic studies of DNA repair.
2016
Jean-Pierre Sauvage, Fraser Stoddart, and Bernard Feringa, for the design and synthesis of molecular machines.
2017
Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, and Richard Henderson, for the development of cryo-electron microscopy for the high-resolution structure determination of biomolecules in solution.
2018
Frances Arnold, George Smith, and Gregory Winter, for the directed evolution of enzymes and antibodies.
2019
John Goodenough, M. Stanley Whittingham, and Akira Yoshino, for the development of lithium-ion batteries.
2020
Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna, for the development of the CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing tool.
2021
Benjamin List and David MacMillan, for the development of asymmetric organocatalysis.