1. Current Carrying: The armature winding consists of multiple loops or coils of wire arranged on the armature core. When an electric current flows through these coils, they become electromagnets.
2. Magnetic Field Generation: The current flowing through the armature coils creates a magnetic field around each coil. The direction of the magnetic field depends on the direction of the current.
3. Interaction with Stator Magnetic Field: The armature winding is placed inside the stator, which is made up of permanent magnets or electromagnets. The magnetic field created by the armature winding interacts with the magnetic field of the stator.
4. Lorentz Force: The interaction between the armature magnetic field and the stator magnetic field generates a force known as the Lorentz force. This force acts on the armature conductors, pushing them in a perpendicular direction to both magnetic fields.
5. Rotational Motion: The combined effect of the Lorentz force acting on the armature conductors produces a torque that causes the armature to rotate. The direction of rotation depends on the direction of the current flow in the armature winding and the polarity of the stator magnetic field.
6. Commutation: As the armature rotates, the current in the armature coils needs to be reversed periodically to maintain continuous rotation. This process is called commutation and is performed by a commutator or brushes.
In summary, the armature winding in an electric motor serves as a current-carrying conductor that generates a magnetic field. The interaction between the armature magnetic field and the stator magnetic field creates a force that results in the rotational motion of the motor.