Freud believed that the Oedipus complex is a normal and necessary stage of development, and that it plays a role in shaping a person's personality and relationships. He argued that the Oedipus complex is resolved when children realize that they cannot compete with their same-sex parent for the love of the opposite-sex parent. This leads to the development of the superego, which is the part of the mind that contains the moral values and ethical principles that we learn from our parents and other authority figures.
There is no single, definitive proof of the Oedipus complex theory. However, Freud provided several pieces of evidence to support his theory, including:
1) Freud's observations of children. Freud observed children who displayed behaviors that were consistent with the Oedipus complex, such as boys expressing desire for their mothers and rivalry with their fathers, and girls expressing desire for their fathers and jealousy of their mothers.
2) Case studies. Freud also reported on case studies of adults who had experienced difficulties in their relationships with their parents, which he believed were due to unresolved Oedipus complexes.
3) Mythology and literature. Freud argued that the Oedipus complex is a universal phenomenon, and he cited examples from mythology and literature to support his claims. For example, he pointed to the story of Oedipus, who unknowingly kills his father and marries his mother, as an example of the Oedipus complex.
The Oedipus complex has been criticized on several grounds, including the lack of empirical evidence to support it and the fact that it is based on Freud's own personal experiences. However, it remains a controversial and influential theory, and it has been used to explain a variety of behaviors and relationships in both children and adults.