- Surdo: A large, low-pitched drum that is the backbone of the samba batucada. It is played with a soft mallet and provides the main rhythmic foundation for the ensemble.
- Repinique: A medium-sized, high-pitched drum that is played with a hard mallet. It is used to add accents and counterpoint to the surdo.
- Tamborim: A small, high-pitched frame drum that is played with a thin stick. It is used to add a shimmering, rhythmic texture to the ensemble.
- Chocalho: A metal shaker that is played by shaking it in one hand. It is used to add a sharp, percussive element to the ensemble.
- Agogô: A pair of metal bells that are played by striking them with a stick. They are used to add a bright, ringing sound to the ensemble.
- Cuíca: A friction drum that is played by rubbing a stick across a wetted leather membrane. It is used to add a unique, whining sound to the ensemble.
- Pandeiro: A large, tambourine-like frame drum that is played by striking it with the hand or a stick. It is used to add a rhythmic ostinato to the ensemble.
- Berimbau: A single-stringed musical bow that is played by striking the string with a stick and resonating it with a gourd. It is used to add a melodic element to the ensemble.