Which part of mridangam is vibrating to produces sound?

The vibrating membrane of the mridangam called the "puchi" is responsible for producing sound. The puchi is a thinly stretched goat or calfskin fixed on the top of the resonating chamber, also known as the "right head" or "thane." When the mridangam is played, the puchi vibrates upon being struck with the fingers and palms, generating the primary tones. The other part, called the "bay", serves as the bass resonating chamber and adds depth to the sound. The combination of the vibrating membrane and resonating chamber creates the signature sound of the mridangam.