- Geoffrey Chaucer (1343-1400): Chaucer's poem, *Troilus and Criseyde*, is a courtly romance that tells the story of two young lovers who are separated by fate. Although not as tragic as Romeo and Juliet, this poem explores similar themes of love, loss, and betrayal.
- William Shakespeare (1564-1616): Shakespeare's play, *Antony and Cleopatra*, follows the love affair between Mark Antony and Cleopatra, the queen of Egypt. Like Romeo and Juliet, this play ends in tragedy with the deaths of both lovers.