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What Is an Abstract Ideology?

Ideology is a doctrine or belief that guides individuals to act and think in a specific manner. Abstract ideology is vital to society as a way of automatically dismissing irrelevant options instead of considering every possible scenario. At the same time, ideology can supplant thinking for the ideologue, whereby individuals can lose their freedom of thought and act only as their ideology prescribes. Although many abstract ideologies exist, four are the most widespread and influential.
  1. Religion

    • Religion may be categorized as a form of ideology. Abstract concepts and codes are divinely given rather than given by rational force. This requires only the acceptance of a particular religious narrative, rather than active intellectual investigation. Any debate that does occur within religion is strictly confined to discussing varied interpretations of religious material.

    Political

    • Political ideology is a particular approach an individual may have to domestic and international political issues. For example, conservative ideology dictates that when analyzing a particular social problem, the ideologue would look for a solution that avoids expanding government, but might instead involve private enterprise. A left-wing ideologue might approach a recession by suggesting government money is spent on public works programs to increase employment. The political ideology frames the discussion, so while there may be alternative solutions, an implicit political bias exists on the part of the ideologue instead of regarding all solutions as equally valid until proven otherwise.

    Economics

    • Economists are sometime split along ideological lines according to their political beliefs. For example, Keynesian economists argue that macroeconomic policy should be determined by low spending in boom times and high spending when growth is slow. In other words, fiscal policy is the instrument governments should use to control the economy. Monetarist economists argue that monetary policy should be the main tool to ensure growth in an economy. Politicians tend to favor one economic ideology because it matches their particular political stance.

    Feminism

    • Feminist ideology assumes that the status quo operates as a patriarchy and attempts to both illustrate this fact and to break male dominance. Art, literature and culture in general, are then interpreted along these lines. Feminists comment on gender inequality and political history, which are regarded as struggles between chauvinists and feminist libertarians. The belief in feminism inspires people to do things; for example, in 1919, people lobbied for the right of women to vote.

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