Key Religious Beliefs:
1. Monotheism: Belief in one God, the creator and sustainer of the world.
2. Trinity: The belief that God exists in three persons: the Father, the Son (Jesus Christ), and the Holy Spirit.
3. Incarnation: The belief that Jesus Christ, the Son of God, became fully human and lived among humans.
4. Salvation through Faith: The belief that individuals are saved from sin and its consequences by their faith in the redeeming work of Jesus Christ.
5. Grace and Works: The belief that while salvation is granted by God's grace, good works are essential as evidence of faith and a response to God's love.
6. Bible Authority: The belief in the authority of the Bible as the inspired Word of God and the ultimate source of Christian teachings.
7. Sacraments: The recognition of two sacraments, Baptism and Holy Communion (Eucharist), as ordinances instituted by Jesus Christ.
8. Prayer: The practice of addressing prayers directly to God, with a focus on reverence, thanksgiving, and requests for guidance and provision.
9. Afterlife: The belief in life after death, with eternal rewards for the righteous and eternal punishment for the wicked.
These core beliefs were generally shared by the majority of the population, but there were also dissenting groups, such as Puritans and Roman Catholics, who held slightly different theological views and practices.