Christian humanism: Erasmus was one of the leading figures of Christian humanism, which emphasized the study of the classical Greek and Roman literature and philosophy as a means of understanding the Bible and fostering moral and spiritual development. He criticized both the scholastic theology of his day and the excesses of the Protestant Reformation.
The reform of the Catholic Church: Erasmus was critical of corruption and abuses within the Catholic Church and called for its reform. However, he opposed the Protestant reformers, such as Martin Luther, who sought to break from the Church. Erasmus believed that the Church could be reformed from within and promoted dialogue and understanding between different Christian groups.
Education: Erasmus was a passionate advocate for education and wrote extensively on the subject. He emphasized the importance of a broad and liberal education, which should include the study of the classics, philosophy, and the sciences. He also wrote several textbooks and educational treatises, including "De ratione studii" ("On the Method of Study").
Social and political issues: Erasmus wrote about social and political issues such as war, poverty, and oppression. He condemned the violence and cruelty of his time and advocated for peaceful resolution of conflicts. He also spoke out against the social and political injustices of his day and called for reforms.
The art of living: Erasmus wrote several works that explored the art of living, or the pursuit of happiness. In these works, he discussed the importance of self-knowledge, inner peace, and moderation. He also wrote about the cultivation of friendship and the significance of gratitude and contentment in life.