Hermes's primary functions include:
1. Messenger of the Gods: Hermes serves as the messenger of the Olympian gods, delivering messages, orders, and proclamations on behalf of Zeus and the other deities. He is known for his swiftness and agility, capable of traveling rapidly between the heavens, the earth, and the underworld.
2. Patron of Travelers and Merchants: Hermes is also the patron god of travelers, merchants, and thieves. He aids travelers on their journeys, protecting them from harm and guiding them safely to their destinations. As the patron of merchants, he promotes trade and commerce, bringing prosperity to those who engage in economic activities.
3. Guardian of Boundaries: Hermes is often depicted as the guardian of boundaries, both physical and conceptual. He marks and protects the boundaries between different realms, such as the boundary between the world of the living and the underworld, and the boundaries between different regions or territories.
4. God of Athletics and Sports: Hermes is the patron of athletics and sports, presiding over contests, races, and games. He is known for his athleticism and agility, and is often depicted with winged sandals and a herald's staff (kerykeion).
5. Inventor and Trickster: Hermes is credited with being the inventor of many things, including the lyre, the alphabet, and weights and measures. He is also known for his cunning and trickster nature, often outsmarting his opponents or playing pranks on both mortals and gods.
6. Psychopomp: In his role as the messenger of the gods, Hermes also acts as a psychopomp, guiding souls of the deceased to the underworld. He is sometimes referred to as the "Conductor of Souls" in this capacity.
7. God of Fertility: In some regions of Greece, Hermes was also worshiped as a god of fertility, particularly in relation to livestock. He was believed to protect and increase herds of cattle, sheep, and goats.
8. Herald and Ambassador: Hermes is often portrayed as the herald or ambassador of the gods, communicating their messages and representing them in various diplomatic missions. He is known for his eloquence, diplomacy, and ability to negotiate.
Hermes is a multifaceted deity with a wide range of responsibilities and attributes, making him one of the most complex and intriguing figures in Greek mythology.