A double wound transformer consists of two separate windings, the primary winding and the secondary winding, each wound on a separate core.
Here's a simple diagram explaining the construction:
Diagram:
```
____________
| |
Primary | Core | Secondary
winding |_______| winding
| |
| |
| |
| AC |
| Input |
|_________|
|
|
|
AC Output
```
Explanation:
1. Core: The core is usually made of laminated iron sheets, which are stacked together to minimize eddy current losses. It provides a path for the magnetic flux to flow.
2. Primary Winding: This winding is connected to the AC power source (input). When AC current flows through the primary winding, it creates a changing magnetic field around the core.
3. Secondary Winding: This winding is wrapped around the core, separate from the primary winding. The changing magnetic field from the primary winding induces a voltage in the secondary winding.
4. AC Input: This is the alternating current source that powers the primary winding.
5. AC Output: The secondary winding produces an alternating current output, which can be used to power devices or circuits.
Key Features:
* Isolation: Double wound transformers provide electrical isolation between the input and output circuits. This is because the primary and secondary windings are not directly connected.
* Voltage Transformation: The ratio of the number of turns in the primary and secondary windings determines the voltage transformation. A transformer can step up (increase) or step down (decrease) voltage depending on the number of turns.
* Efficiency: Double wound transformers are typically very efficient, with losses mainly due to eddy currents, hysteresis, and winding resistance.
Applications:
Double wound transformers are commonly used in:
* Power distribution systems
* Electronics and appliances
* Medical equipment
* Industrial applications
In summary:
The double wound transformer is a key component in AC circuits, providing isolation and voltage transformation. Its simple yet effective construction ensures efficient and reliable operation in various applications.