2. Strategic and organizational planning: This involves developing a plan of action in consideration of the opponent’s responses, legal restrictions, public safety, and the group's resources. It includes the identification of targets and the development of clear and targeted goals.
3. Nonviolent direct action: The nonviolent direct action refers to the range of tactics that a group can use to achieve their goals. These include boycotts, strikes, occupations, sit-ins, marches, and other forms of civil disobedience.
4. Evaluation and adaptation: This involves evaluating the effectiveness of the campaign, and assessing the group's progress towards their goals. Based on the evaluations and assessments, the campaign can then be adapted and improved to increase effectiveness.