* To describe the characters. Stage directions can be used to provide physical descriptions of the characters, as well as information about their emotional states and motivations. This information can help the reader to understand the characters and their relationships with each other.
* To specify the action of the play. Stage directions can be used to describe the physical actions of the characters, as well as the dialogue that they speak. This information is essential for the actors to be able to perform the play.
* To create atmosphere. Stage directions can be used to create a particular atmosphere for a scene. This can be done by using lighting, sound effects, and other theatrical devices.
* To convey the author's intent. Stage directions can be used to communicate the author's intended meaning for a play. This can be done by providing information about the characters, the setting, and the action of the play.
In short, stage directions are an essential part of playwriting. They provide information that is necessary for the actors to be able to perform the play, and they also help to convey the author's intent.