It seems you might be thinking of "Zero for Conduct" (French: "Zero de conduite"), a 1933 film directed by Jean Vigo.
If you're interested in the cast of that film, here's a list:
* Jean Dasté as "The Professor"
* Raymond Buisson as "The Caïd"
* Michel Simonet as "Brunet"
* Roger Legras as "Colin"
* Robert Le Vigan as "The Father"
* Jean-Pierre Aumont as "The Student"
Please clarify if you meant a different movie or are interested in another film!