High action:
- When the strings are positioned higher above the fingerboard, it is called "high action". This means the distance between the strings and the fretboard is greater.
- Guitars with high action can be more challenging to play, especially for beginners, as it requires more force to press the strings down to the fretboard to produce a clear note.
- High action can affect intonation, sustain, and overall playability. It is often preferred by players who want a more vintage or acoustic sound.
Low action:
- When the strings are positioned closer to the fingerboard, it is called "low action". This means the distance between the strings and the fretboard is smaller.
- Guitars with low action are easier to play, especially for beginners or players with smaller hands, as it requires less effort to press the strings down.
- It improves fretting accuracy, note articulation, and overall playability. However, it can increase the risk of fret buzzing if not properly set up.
The ideal string height, whether it should be high or low, depends on the player's preferences, playing style, and the specific instrument. Some guitarists prefer higher action for certain types of music or techniques, while others prefer lower action for ease of playing and speed.
It's important to have the instrument properly set up by a qualified luthier or guitar technician to ensure the correct action and overall playability.