1. Chorus and Chants: Both Noh plays and Greek dramas feature choruses that provide commentary on the action, set the mood, and provide background information. In Greek theatre, the chorus was crucial for creating a collective voice and offering emotional responses. In Noh theatre, the chorus, typically called the jiutai or hayashi, performs the same role by chanting, singing, and playing musical instruments.
2. Masks and Costumes: Noh actors wear elaborate masks that help establish the characters' identities, emotions, and social status. Similarly, in Greek theatre, masks were prominent, especially in classical Greek tragedies, where actors used them to portray different characters and represent diverse emotions.
3. Elevated Speech: The performance of Noh plays and Greek dramas features the use of elevated language, rich in poetic imagery and symbolism, which often reflects the themes and conflicts presented. This element serves to enhance the emotional impact and aesthetic beauty of the performance.
4. Religious Context: Noh performances were initially connected to religious rituals and offerings to Shinto deities in medieval Japan, particularly in the context of shrine festivals. Greek theatre also had a strong religious and ceremonial element, with its origins tied to religious festivals such as the Dionysia and the Eleusinian Mysteries.
5. Limited Number of Actors: Both Noh plays and Greek dramas typically involve a small number of actors who play multiple roles throughout the performance. In Greek theatre, the use of masks and limited actors allowed for swift character changes and heightened the focus on the story. In Noh theatre, this aspect contributes to the heightened focus on the symbolism, movement, and musicality of the performance.
While Noh and Greek theatre may share certain similarities in these areas, it's important to acknowledge their distinct cultural contexts, historical backgrounds, and specific forms of expression.