1. Innocence and Discovery: John is presented as innocent and naive, only just learning about the "Old Ones" and the "Great Burning." This allows the story to be told from a fresh perspective, emphasizing the awe and wonder of rediscovering a lost civilization. His naiveté also makes the story's central themes of curiosity and exploration more powerful, as he navigates the world with an open mind and a thirst for knowledge.
2. Unreliable Narrator: John's youthful perspective also makes him an unreliable narrator. He interprets the remnants of the past through the lens of his own limited understanding, leading to misconceptions and misunderstandings. For example, he initially believes the "Old Ones" were gods, attributing their advanced technology to divine power. This unreliability adds layers of intrigue and suspense, prompting the reader to question John's interpretations and challenge their own preconceived notions.
3. Contrast with the Old World: John's contrasting point of view with the "Old Ones" highlights the decay and primitiveness of his own society. While the "Old Ones" possessed advanced technology and knowledge, John's world is characterized by superstition, fear, and a lack of understanding. This contrast serves as a cautionary tale about the dangers of losing knowledge and the importance of preserving the past.
4. Universal Appeal: The use of a young protagonist makes the story relatable and accessible to a wider audience. It evokes childhood curiosity and a sense of wonder, resonating with readers of all ages.
5. Symbolic Significance: John's journey can be interpreted as a metaphorical representation of humanity's journey towards knowledge and self-discovery. His exploration of the ruins symbolizes the exploration of the past and the search for meaning in a world facing the consequences of its own actions.
In conclusion, Benét's choice of John as the narrator in "By the Waters of Babylon" is a strategic one, contributing to the story's themes, mood, and impact. His innocence, unreliability, and contrasting perspective create a compelling narrative that explores the mysteries of the past and the challenges of the future.