The king was the absolute ruler of Sumer and was considered to be the representative of the god on Earth. He was the head of the government, the military, and the religious establishment. The king was also the chief lawgiver and judge.
2. Priests
The priests were the second-highest social class in Sumer. They were responsible for performing religious ceremonies, administering the temples, and educating the young. The priests were also often involved in politics and government.
3. Nobles
The nobles were the third-highest social class in Sumer. They were the landowners and the military leaders. The nobles also held many of the top positions in government and administration.
4. Commoners
The commoners were the fourth-highest social class in Sumer. They were the farmers, artisans, and merchants. The commoners also made up the majority of the population.
5. Slaves
The slaves were the lowest social class in Sumer. They were the property of their owners and had no rights. Slaves could be bought, sold, or traded, and they could be beaten or killed at the will of their owners.