Apartheid established a hierarchy of racial classifications and enforced strict segregation of different racial groups in social, economic, and political life. It designated public spaces, facilities, and services for specific racial groups, restricted interracial marriages and relationships, and limited the rights and opportunities of non-white individuals.
The apartheid system in South Africa was widely condemned internationally for its discriminatory and oppressive nature. It resulted in severe human rights abuses and perpetuated inequality, poverty, and social injustice for the non-white majority population. The international community imposed economic sanctions and diplomatic pressure to force the South African government to dismantle apartheid.
In 1990, South Africa's first multiracial elections took place, marking a significant turning point in the country's history. Nelson Mandela, a prominent anti-apartheid activist and leader of the African National Congress (ANC), was elected as the first black president of South Africa in 1994. The apartheid system was officially abolished, and a process of reconciliation and transformation aimed at building a more inclusive and just society began.