1. Character Development: The flashback scenes allow the audience to see Willy Loman as he was in the past, and how he has changed over time. They provide a deeper understanding of his personality, his dreams, and his struggles. By presenting these scenes, Miller helps to create a more complex and well-rounded portrayal of Willy.
2. Exploration of Relationships: The flashbacks explore Willy's relationships with his wife, Linda, and his sons, Biff and Happy. They reveal the dynamics of these relationships and how they have evolved over the years. The audience gains insight into the love, tension, and conflict within the Loman family.
3. Building Context: The flashbacks help to establish the context for Willy's present situation. They show the events that led up to his current financial and emotional crisis, including his failed career, his strained relationships with his sons, and his unrealistic dreams of success. By providing this background information, Miller allows the audience to better understand Willy's actions and motivations.
4. Symbolism and Imagery: Miller uses flashbacks to incorporate symbolic elements and imagery that enhance the play's themes and meanings. For example, the recurring image of the jungle symbolizes Willy's wild and untamed nature, while the seeds that he plants represent his hopes and aspirations for the future.
5. Dramatic Impact: The flashbacks create a dynamic and engaging narrative structure. They provide a contrast to the present-day scenes, building tension and suspense. The sudden shifts between past and present keep the audience invested in the story and enhance the emotional impact of the play.
Overall, Arthur Miller's use of flashback scenes in Death of a Salesman allows for deeper character development, exploration of relationships, building of context, incorporation of symbolism, and dramatic impact. These techniques contribute to a richer and more nuanced theatrical experience, shedding light on the complexities of human nature and the pursuit of the American Dream.