- Following the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC, the Seleucid Empire emerged as the dominant power in the region, and Judea became a province under its rule.
- The Seleucid king, Antiochus III the Great, launched campaigns to regain territories lost after the death of Alexander and to expand his influence in the region.
This led to conflicts and tensions between the Seleucids and the Jewish population in Judah.
- The Seleucids imposed Hellenization policies on the region, aiming to assimilate the Jewish people and promote Greek culture and religion. This included attempts to suppress Jewish religious practices and traditions, causing resentment and resistance among the Jews.
- The situation in Judah became more strained as the Seleucids intensified their Hellenization efforts and clashed with Jewish religious leaders. This period laid the groundwork for the Maccabean Revolt, which erupted a few years later.
Social and Religious Climate in Judah
- Despite the political tensions and Hellenization pressures, Jewish culture and religious traditions remained strong in Judah.
- The Jewish community maintained their faith and practices in the face of adversity, leading to a renewed focus on preserving their identity and traditions.
- Scribes and scholars played a crucial role in preserving Jewish literature and religious texts, including the compilation and editing of the Hebrew Bible during this period.
- Communities in Judah were deeply rooted in their religious traditions, customs, and rituals, creating a sense of unity and resilience in the face of external challenges.
Overview
By 200 BC, Judah was under the rule of the Seleucid Empire, facing Hellenization policies and conflicts with the Seleucid kings. The Jewish population remained steadfast in their religious beliefs, laying the groundwork for the eventual Maccabean Revolt.