1. Symbols and Motifs: Symbols and recurring patterns in the story can reinforce and enhance the theme. For instance, if the theme is resilience, a recurring symbol of a flower that blooms even in harsh conditions could be a supporting detail.
2. Character Traits and Development: The actions, behaviours, and interactions of the characters can provide insight into the theme. For example, if the theme is the power of love, a character who sacrifices personal desires for the well-being of others demonstrates this concept.
3. Setting and Atmosphere: The setting and atmosphere of the story can contribute to the development of the theme. For instance, a gloomy, oppressive setting might support a theme of hopelessness or despair.
4. Dialogue: Character's conversations and interactions can provide key insights into their beliefs, motivations, and the overall theme. Dialogue often reveals inner conflicts and themes that drive the narrative.
5. Conflict and Resolution: The central conflict and its resolution can illuminate the theme. If the theme is perseverance, the story may portray a character overcoming obstacles to achieve their goal.
6. Imagery and Sensory Details: Vivid imagery, sensory details, and figurative language can enhance the reader's understanding of the theme. These details add layers of meaning and create an emotional connection to the story's message.
7. Foreshadowing and Flashbacks: Foreshadowing and flashbacks may provide hints or additional context that contributes to the theme. They can create a sense of anticipation or reveal past events that shape the characters and the narrative.
8. Author's Purpose and Perspective: The author's purpose or perspective, as revealed through the story, can offer insight into the theme. The author's intended message may illuminate the deeper significance of the text.
9. Irony and Contrasts: Irony and contrasting elements can highlight aspects of the theme. For instance, a character's actions may present an ironic situation or juxtaposition, which underscores a deeper thematic meaning.
10. Symbolism in Names: Sometimes, even the characters' names can have symbolic significance and provide additional insights into the overall theme.
Remember that supporting details play a crucial role in supporting the central theme by adding layers of depth, complexity, and meaning to the story. By identifying and analysing these details, readers can gain a deeper understanding and appreciation of the thematic messages embedded in a literary work.