1. Archetypal Characters: The poem features archetypal characters, such as the heroic protagonist (Juan), the villainous antagonist (Donya Maria Blanca), and the wise guide (the hermit and his father). These archetypes represent universal human traits and motivations found in real-life dramas.
2. Moral Dilemmas: "Ibong Adarna" presents Juan with challenging moral choices. For instance, he must decide whether to save his brothers or pursue the magical bird. Such moral quandaries reflect the complexities of ethical decision-making in real life situations.
3. Struggles for Power: The poem depicts power struggles between characters, which can be paralleled to real-world political and social conflicts. The desire for power often drives characters' actions, leading to dramatic moments of tension and conflict.
4. Quest and Journey: Juan embarks on a perilous journey in search of the Ibong Adarna, mirroring the personal growth and self-discovery journeys many undertake in their own lives. The journey itself becomes a metaphor for the struggles, obstacles, and self-realization encountered in real life.
5. Betrayal and Redemption: Characters like Donya Maria Blanca engage in acts of betrayal and deceit, highlighting the consequences of trust and forgiveness. The concept of redemption and the potential for change are also explored, offering lessons about human nature.
6. Conflict and Resolution: The dramatic moments of "Ibong Adarna" revolve around conflicts between characters and their ultimate resolution. These resolutions can parallel real-life struggles and the ways in which individuals navigate and resolve conflicts in their own lives.
7. Human Flaws and Virtues: The poem explores human flaws and virtues through its characters. Juan's kindness and determination are juxtaposed with the deceitfulness and greed of others. These explorations mirror the complexities of human nature and the coexistence of both virtues and weaknesses in real life.
Overall, "Ibong Adarna" presents a rich tapestry of dramatic elements that touch upon various aspects of human existence, moral dilemmas, power struggles, personal journeys, and conflicts that mirror real-life experiences and emotions.