Does Esme die in the series of unfortunate events?

Esme Squalor does not die in the series of unfortunate events. While she goes through many hardships, including being kidnapped by Count Olaf and living in various dangerous situations, she ultimately survives the series.

In the final book, "The End," she is reunited with her siblings, the Baudelaire orphans, and they all escape the clutches of Count Olaf for good.