* The cases are often pre-selected and edited for dramatic effect. While the people are real, the producers choose cases that are likely to be interesting and entertaining for viewers.
* The "judge" is an actress playing a character. Judge Judy Sheindlin is a former New York judge, but her role on the show is a dramatized version of a judge.
* The "judgements" are not legally binding. The show's "judgements" are more like binding arbitration agreements; the parties have agreed to be bound by the outcome.
So, while the people and cases are real, the format of the show is designed for entertainment and the legal proceedings are not strictly authentic.